VITAMIN D STATUS AND SUPPLEMENTATION IN DENTAL IMPLANT OUTCOMES: A NARRATIVE REVIEW

Alicja Palus; Julia Dobrowolska; Marta Krężołek; Paula Kaczmarczyk; Oliwia Zynek; Kornel Pawlak; Marcin Stępiński; Mateusz Balicki; Filip  Kamyszek; Tomasz Arkuszyński

doi:10.31435/ijitss.2(50).2026.5719

Authors

Alicja Palus PRODENTAL Private Dental Clinic - Joanna Bronowska, Zakopiańska 4A, 05-120 Legionowo, Poland https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7462-6893
Julia Dobrowolska Medical University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 61, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9498-9521
Marta Krężołek Medical University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 61, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3646-5640
Paula Kaczmarczyk CITODENT Dental Center, pl. Zamkowy 5, 55-200 Oława, Poland https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6099-5657
Oliwia Zynek Medical University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 61, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5537-565X
Kornel Pawlak Medical University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 61, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6435-6587
Marcin Stępiński Medical University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 61, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5878-6293
Mateusz Balicki Corten Dental Medical Center, Dental Clinic, Etiudy Rewolucyjnej 48, 02-643 Warsaw, Poland https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5066-9645
Filip Kamyszek Corten Dental Medical Center, Dental Clinic, Etiudy Rewolucyjnej 48, 02-643 Warsaw, Poland https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2767-8215
Tomasz Arkuszyński Wroclaw Medical University, Krakowska 26, 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4894-361X

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31435/ijitss.2(50).2026.5719

Keywords:

Vitamin D, Dental Implants, Osseointegration, Implant Failure, Bone Healing, Vitamin D Deficiency

Abstract

Introduction: Dental implant therapy is widely used in modern restorative dentistry. However, its success depends on effective osseointegration, which may be influenced by systemic factors such as vitamin D status. Vitamin D plays a key role in bone metabolism, calcium-phosphate homeostasis, and immune regulation, all of which are essential for proper bone healing.

Methods: This narrative review synthesizes current evidence on the role of vitamin D in dental implant osseointegration and outcomes. A literature search was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar, and ResearchGate databases, focusing on studies published between 2020 and April 2026. Clinical trials, observational studies, and systematic reviews were included, and data were analyzed narratively.

Results: The analyzed studies demonstrated heterogeneous findings. Most evidence suggests that adequate serum vitamin D levels and supplementation in deficient individuals may improve early implant stability and peri-implant bone healing. Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with impaired osseointegration and an increased risk of early implant failure. However, several studies did not confirm a statistically significant relationship. Additionally, emerging evidence indicates that excessively high vitamin D levels may also negatively affect implant outcomes.

Conclusions: Most available evidence suggests that adequate vitamin D levels may support osseointegration, bone remodeling, and implant stability, while deficiency is associated with impaired healing and an increased risk of complications. However, the overall findings remain heterogeneous, and both insufficient and excessive levels may negatively affect outcomes. Assessment of vitamin D status prior to implant placement may therefore be beneficial, particularly in patients at risk of deficiency. Further well-designed clinical studies are required to establish optimal serum 25(OH)D levels and evidence-based supplementation protocols.

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